I think that a lot of ‘explanations’ here never really address the difference between a mainframe and just like a regular beefy (set of) x86-based server(s) (filled with Xeons or Epycs).
From what I understand is that they are tuned for extremely high volume transaction processing although I can’t explain how this is achieved.
Also the redundancy / resilience is extreme with support for hot-swap CPUs! To prevent down time.
Somebody must be able to explain this better than me.
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