Food taste is a complex combination of taste and smell. Its actually mostly smell. Your tongue can detect sweet, salty, bitter and savory. That is reletively simple. Think about the sensation of food when you have a cold. Your sense of smell is more complex. You have receptors in your nose that can detect many different molecules. Differences in the taste of food and drinks comes down to your detection of different chemicals in the food that reach your nose. So the presence and ratios of different molecules registers differently in your brain.
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