It’s sometimes called the tech bubble or internet bubble. Better to look it up on Wikipedia as it was pretty complex set of factors surrounding the worldwide web becoming widely available to the general public. But it resembled other historic bubbles in key respects such as rampant speculation, risky investments, relaxed lending, fear of missing out etc.
Economist Robert shiller wrote an excellent account called irrational exuberance, after the phrase made famous by Allan Greenspan. Great read.
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