Bandwidth is bits sent per second, without regard to errors.
Data transfer rate it bits pes second from end to end, including retransmissions to correct errors.
Throughput could be either, depending on the motives of the source of the data.
Latency is completely different, it’s the round time communication time, divided by 2.
Bandwidth and DTR are the same in a link with no errors and infinitely large buffers, but you can’t make that.
Latency impacts DTR, because if there is an error it takes 2 times latency to send the replacement data, so long latency has substantial negative impact on DTR.
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