The difference is temperature. As you heat it up, sugar liquifies before it browns. You’ve seen this if you’ve ever made caramel at home.
When the sugar is liquid, if you maintain that temperature, it can be spun into cotton candy, but if you allow it to heat up to a higher temperature, it begins to brown (about half a second before it begins to burn – caramel is tricky when you have ADD) and, voila! you have caramel.
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