Heat should be used for relaxing muscles – when you have tension or spasms for example. It can also work to relax cramps.
Ice should be used to reduce swelling and inflammation. A sprained ankle for example should be iced to reduce the swelling.
A great example: a pitcher in baseball will want to keep heat on his arm and shoulder in between innings to keep the arm loose and relaxed. It’s why you will see some guy put their arm in only one sleeve of a jacket on colder days. After the game, they will ice the arm and shoulder to reduce any inflammation and swelling from the repeated motion.
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