two reasons
1) the places where the only internet available is 3g are also places with shiitty cellular reception generally. These are the places where they just havent bothered to upgrade.
2) apps in the 3g era were designed around the low bandwidth of 3g. Apps now are designed expecting 4g so to get them to load you have to wait forever in 3g
Useless can be subjective. I still use iPhone 4s with 3G and my speeds are 6 megabits per second. Some people call that useless but for many people even in the developed world that is very useful.
Whether 3G is being decommissioned or not often depends on the locality. Often regions are designated specific licenses to operate some bands have most use for 3g wheras other bands have more than one mode being used.
For example, in many places in Ohio AT&T is authorized a certain chunk of the 800 MHz spectrum depending on the part of the state. My understanding is the way this is authorized in these parts doesn’t make it always easier for them to light up 4g on 800 MHz so it’s more economical to just keep 3g here consequently 3G is ok in many parts of Ohio.
Some frequencies used for 3G are better able to go over obstructions or go through them. As a result, whether a tower gets turned off or not can make a great deal of influence whether your service goes out. It’s possible your area was never that great for the used 3g frequencies by your carrier in your locale. So when they turned off a single tower then that ruins your service quality
The wikipedia article on 3G has a section saying that some providers in some countries are starting (in 2020/2021) to decommission 3G networks, with 2G becoming the backup connection for phone/text. This might be causing the issue you are seeing, you should check the article to see if that applies to you.
However as mentioned by Target880, the problem could be a lack of any connectivity whatsoever (and your phone probably doesn’t provide a detailed explanation of what is happening) rather than worse performance by the 3G network. You might be able to get an app which provides more detailed information. Also your provider or a regulator might have maps of the 3G/4G/5G coverage in your area to check what services you are supposed to be able to access.
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