One thing I haven’t seen mentioned, and a big reason, is the radiation spread. Detonated above the surface radioactivity can catch air currents and travel much further than a ground blast.
It’s kinda fucked up because that’s a much worse way to die, however (no source) I’d be more than likely to bet that the radiation ended more lives than the initial blast on the two bombs that were dropped.
TL;DR higher up means more of a radiation spread. More radiation spread = more dead
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