Why are there black patches on the suns surface?
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People have already mostly answered the question, but didn’t clarify why they look black compared to the rest of the sun.
When you are looking at pictures of the sun, you are seeing it taken through very strong filters. Think of it like very dark sunglasses, or a welding lens. It makes everything much, much darker than normal.
If you look at a “bright” light bulb through a welding lens, you likely will barely be able to see it, and then only because everything else is blackness. Look at a welding arc though, and it will still be fairly bright. Take off the lens, and both will be bright on their own, only the bulb would be completely washed out by the welding arc, and you’ll be blinded in short order.
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