One detail I don’t see mentioned so far is that, at altitude, the atmosphere inside the aircraft is different to our normal outside air. Pressure is much lower (~ equivalent to 10.000 feet or 3000 meters) and humidity is very low (10 to 20%), both irritate our mucous membranes and make them more prone to infection.
The humidity is due to the outside temperature at 30.000+ feet being around -50°C, it just doesn’t hold any water.
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