why can humans hold their breath longer underwater than above water?

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why can humans hold their breath longer underwater than above water?

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When we’re underwater, a reflex called the mammalian dive response is triggered, which slows our heart rate and directs blood flow to vital organs. This conserves oxygen, allowing us to hold our breath longer than on land. On land, we don’t trigger that same reflex, so our body’s urge to breathe kicks in sooner.

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