Look at camera optics or eye optics to get a graphical representation of what everyone here will talk about. Words alone aren’t great.
Ultimately, we can’t because the eyes/cameras have sensing areas that aren’t single points. They have to have an in-focus image projected onto the sensing area. Due to the properties of optics, that means we can’t focus on nearby stuff and far away stuff at the same time; the light’s geometry just doesn’t allow it. Additionally, for eyes, we have two of them. That allows for depth perception, but further makes it more difficult to have a wide range of focus.
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