When an application opens a file, it is able to lock it to prevent any modifications to it. It’s like telling everyone “Don’t touch this file, I am working on it”. There are multiple types of file locks, i.e. there’s an exclusive lock which prevents any kind of access to file, there’s a lock that allows other applications to read the content of the locked file, etc. Generally it’s up to an application to decide which type of file lock to use.
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