They make more money this way—they sell more tickets by overbooking a flight. That’s why they do it.
They make more money this way because some number of people will cancel or modify their flights. Usually this means everyone can be accommodated.
Sometimes their predictions are wrong, and then they have to offer people something to take a later flight. Usually this is dollars toward a future flight, which costs them less than the face value.
Basically they have done the math and even factoring that in, they come out ahead.
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