The frog (the soft part in the center of a horses hoof) is sort of like a pump and an important part of the horses circulation. Horseshoes attenuate compression of the frog (particularly on hard flat surfaces like pavement), so they should only be used if the pros outweigh the cons.
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frog_(horse_anatomy)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frog_(horse_anatomy))
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