If you look up at the sky, you see a bunch of stars.
If you go out in nature to some place really dark, you see many more stars.
Now if you want to photograph stars that are really far away, totally invisible to the naked eye, this is what you do.
You point a strong telescope at exactly that bit of space and let the light shine on a light-sensitive material.
Over time, you end up with a picture of something which is impossible to see with your eyes.
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