For a lot of software, it is in the main phase, unpacking the main data which can often be fewer but larger files, so its fairly steady. Near the end is where generally the smaller more plentiful files get unpacked and organized. The installer also has to clean up a lot of the working data from the install at this last point. Unpacking a large file takes less time per mb than unpacking a lot of smaller files because there is transfer time in between the files. Think of it like unfolding a table cloth with many folds verses a bunch of napkins one by one but with the same surface area.
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