They are called GFCIs( Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) . It measures the electrical current leaving the outlet, and compares it to the current coming back. If the is a disparity is more than 1/10 of an amp or so, it turns the outlet off. The test button tests this function, and the reset button resets it after it trips. They are usually located in wet locations, bathrooms, kitchens, or outside, etc. If the current is not returning to the outlet, it is “leaking” out somewhere to ground and is a danger to people.
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