Geography
While the location of the moon changes the height of the tidal bulge, that doesn’t actually resolve why some places have stupid large tides. The Bay of Fundy in Nova Scotia has a 13 meter tidal range while the global average is just 1 meter
The really big tidal ranges come from geography and geometry forming a resonance for the tides. If you’ve got an opening just the right width and shape you can stack the waves from the incoming tide to create really low tides and really high tides that make rivers flow backwards.
Generally this is seen in relatively wide (>100 km) bays that are fairly long and can funnel the tides in
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