As people have stated lower gauges mean bigger needles which can be hooked up to wider IVs. Radius size increases the resistance of flow as it shrinks. So for pushing drugs having a smaller gauge allows for a quicker flow rate. Also in the case of dialysis, blood benefits from a flow rate that will lower its chance to clot. So high gauge tubing will not work at a certain point. At least without having to give a blood thinner simultaneously
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