High reps (lighter weight) cause more damage (micro tears) to muscle tissues, leads to more muscle repair during rest -> big muscles
Low reps (with heavier weight) train the nervous system to recruit more muscle fibers to work for you -> strength. But since the volume (set x reps x weight) is lower, you don’t get as much micro tears compared to high reps.
Ideally you’d do both.
P.S. this is all bro-science that has been passing on for generations.
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