Solid vs liquid?
That’s really simple. The stomach is there to hold back solids for processing and work a bit on turning them into a fluid in the meantime. It will let fluids through without much resistance. The intestines can do something the stomach cannot, they can remove water from the food that comes in. In the stomach, that extra water would just be in the way as it dilutes the gastric juices.
Or, in a simplified fashion: What we eat is first put into a strainer, then that strainer turns into a pot and acid is added to break stuff down.
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