Attraction and limited resources.
Breasts are a fertility indicator. Males recognize that, so females with noticeable breasts have a reproductive advantage.
Pregnancy is extremely taxing on the body. On top of the gradual development of a baby, the female body is already undergoing significant changes with the abdomen, hips, pelvis, and breasts. It’s a huge amount of change without adding in full breast development. It’s common to need to take vitamins and supplements just to not end up deficient in a swathe of nutrients already. It might just be too taxing on the body to form breasts exclusively during pregnancy (or at least too taxing to be favourable).
Edit: Several have already pointed it out, but fertility indicator as in a broad sign of both health and sexual maturity. Particularly given the context of food insecurity experienced for much of our pre-history, having the means to acquire enough calories to support the development of larger breasts points to much greater chance of surviving offspring.
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