you and your friend are both 5’8″ and weight 160lbs, why might one of you be able to benchpress their weight while the other can barely do half their weight?
it’s the same reason. cores only refer to number of things in a processor. it doesn’t tell you how capable the core is.
so the answer is that the i7/ryzen 5 have much more capable cores than the a8.
The 5600k is a much older design: per clock cycle, the modern processor can get more work done at the same clock speed, and wastes less electricity as heat compared to the old 5600k.
Or in an analogy, it’s like a jet engine that was drastically redesigned to be more efficient and produce more thrust, despite spinning and consuming fuel at the same rate as the previous generation engine.
Also AMDs naming scheme arguably was a little bit misleading: the 5600k comes with two “modules” each with a single floating point core and two integer cores, and presents itself as a quad-core CPU to the OS. Despite that, for floating point tasks, it’s effectively a dual core processor.
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