The issue with a cavity is that it becomes a pocket that shelters bacteria from brushing and from your saliva. Saliva itself will help kill harmful bacteria, but the deeper a cavity gets, the more safe that harmful bacteria will be from any preventative measures.
Additionally, a cavity means that the bacteria has worn through the enamel of your tooth (the protective layer) and into the softer material. At this point, the cavity will progress much faster, getting deeper and creating more area for the bacteria to work its way not only deeper but wider into your teeth.
Latest Answers