The sebaceous gland produces sebum, which is an oily substance that moisturizes and protects the skin. Excess sebum production can block the sebaceous gland duct causing a comedo (a clogged hair follicle or pore), commonly known as a blackhead or whitehead. Unchecked a comedo can lead to an infection — acne.
In humans, sebaceous glands occur in the greatest number on the face and scalp, but also the shoulders, upper chest, and back.
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