Once upon a time there was an ocean (or maybe a sea, or a lake?). Over time, sediment (sand and silt) settled on the bottom of that ocean. Eventually that sediment was buried so deeply, and was under so much pressure and heat that it became rock.
While this was happening, the continents slowly drifted, and in some places, this caused the rock to be pushed upwards, until it was no longer under water.
So the water didn’t go anywhere. the sea-bed was lifted up until it was above water.
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