It’s pretty simple. You send a packet out to some destination, be it a router or a server. That server gets the packet and sends a reply. You know when you sent it and when you got the reply back, so now you know how long your packet takes to get there, get processed, and return. Packets are also numbered, so if you send out “1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10” and only get “1,5,8,10” back, you know packets are getting lost.
Shows if there are any issues with speed or packet loss along the way.
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