The Perserverance [rover](https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/spacecraft/instruments/) has an instrument that measures X-ray fluorescence. What is that?
In: Technology
You shoot x rays as a thing, the thing absorbs it, and shoots x rays back in a different pattern and then you can measure that battery and compare it to other patterns you know so you can get what materials and elements the thing is made of
This is works because x rays are strong enough to knock the electrons in the atoms and “speed th up” after a while these electrons will “slow” back down and the X-rays get spat out, but since some energy is lost, they will be different and detectable
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