– How do countries stop people from other countries entering theirs through the mountains, forests or water in the border?
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For water travel, there are usually agreed-upon methods for whether or not (and by what methods) foreign boats need to report or register themselves.
For example, Canada [does not require](https://cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/travel-voyage/pb-pp-eng.html) private boat operators to register if they’re just going around in Canadian waters, although they are required to do so if they stop anyplace or make contact with other boats. You have to make a phone call to their border service agency to tell them about your boat and all of the people on it. The US [requires](https://www.cbp.gov/travel/pleasure-boats-private-flyers/pleasure-boat-overview) pleasure boats to call the border patrol agency and show up in person at a port of entry or inspection station. (If the boat operator is in one of the “trusted traveler” programs like NEXUS, they only have to make the phone call to tell them about the boat and the people on it.) For both of those countries, the rules would be different for commercial boats.
While you could probably *initially* get away with landing a boat in many places without reporting, you’re playing the odds that you’re going to be tracked and eventually get in a lot of trouble. The Coast Guard (or equivalent) or border patrol might notice your foreign boat at a marina or harbor and look to see if you had reported yourself properly.
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