Its common to say that when you energize a circuit, the electrons travel super-fast, near the speed of light. However, in the first split second of energy flow, some of that energy it soaked up to form a small magnetic field.
A straight wire forms “some” magnetism, but if you wrap the wire in a coil, it focuses the magnetic field to make it stronger and more useful as a magnet.
When you turn the current off, that magnetic field collapses, and the magnetic energy is released in the form of a little bit of current. But since that current is added to the last little bit of system current, they can create a voltage spike that has a higher voltage than the system when it is at rest.
“Inductance” is the measurement of how much magnetic field the circuit produces, and it predicts how much of a voltage spike will happen when you turn it off.
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