Why are long haul trips like airplane rides and bus rides so exhausting, even though all we do is sit?
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I did read somewhere that most commercial planes are only pressurised to mimic a fairly high altitude so if you’re used to living at sea level you might feel more exhausted because you’re not used to the lower-than-usual air pressure. That’s why you can feel particularly zapped after a flight even if you sleep.
A quick Wikipedia search tells me that a 767 is pressurised to 7000 ft which is significantly higher than Denver and SLC and just below Aspen.
Humans are not designed to do any 1 particular thing for extended periods of time, except light running (best cardio creatures on the planet, or one of the best with training)
For planes specifically, acceleration, vibration (including turbulence), noise, lowered barometric pressure, variations of temperature and humidity. There are a bunch of different forces acting on your body essentially.
The physical effects that flight has on the body are very well documented due to the practice of in-flight medicine. In general, the results are a person being sleepy and hungry.
I don’t really find them exhausting. Maybe because of habit?
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Why are buses so exhausting? Buses are uniquely hellish thanks to two things: the constant vibration, and the rage you feel when the bus pulls off the Interstate into Middletown with 25 minutes of waiting at the station for no good reason. Plus you have that ten minute detour through suburban Middletown before you reach the station, and then you double back to re-experience it on your way out. Yay, you’ve just had 45 minutes added to an already too-long journey. Done just a few times, this kind of thing turns a four-hour trip into a seven-hour trip.
While it is not necessary physically exhausting, it also isn’t mentally relaxing. There is constant low level stimulation above a level that would allow you to relax. You have plans to keep in mind, other people to constantly be aware of, etc etc. The whole situation, while not necessarily *un*familiar, is hardly like being plonked down in your house. Your brain does a surprisingly large amount of extra subconscious work while “out and about” just keeping an eye on everything that could change. For 20 minutes this can be recovered from almost without noticing, for 7 hours though? Well that starts to wear you down.
I believe it’s a mixture of the work our brain has to do (navigate unknown environments in a certain time) and the stress of being in close quarters with strangers for hours (you might not notice, but you will be much more alert).
One important consideration is the constant body position. Sitting around the house when you’re relaxing, you’ll be shifting positions periodically, leaning forward, leaning back, bearing more weight on your hipbones or your thighs, lifting or crossing or uncrossing your legs, etc.
A long car or plane ride doesn’t give you nearly as much freedom to do that. The sitting position is pretty rigid, and you might be able to lean the seat further back or more upright, but that’s typically about all the freedom you get. Add to this the fact that you’re actively balancing even as you sit, if there is any wobbling, bumpiness or G-forces on the ride. You can’t fully relax in a car because muscles in your back and abdomen are constantly responding to the little lateral forces produced by handling the car. Depending on the size of the plane and the air conditions, the same might be true on a flight.
Finally, the sensory input can be mentally exhausting. Highway driving is noisy, and can expose you to pretty fast-moving visual scenery which, even if you’re not really paying attention to it, your brain might be noticing and spending some energy on. Planes in flight are also very loud places to be. That can wear you down and push you toward mental fatigue.
There is constant stimuli that you are managing. Noise, vibration, motion, holding yourself in an uncomfortable position. These all take a toll.
When I was flying a lot, I started wearing earplugs and it made a huge difference on how I felt after a flight.
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