So the ball hits the skin. The skin is full of capillaries full of blood. The pressure of the ball pushes the blood out of the capillaries right under it away from the center. The increased pressure breaks some of the capillaries as they get too full, letting blood clot inside and under the skin, visible as a bruise. The area right under the impact had no blood in the capillaries, it was all pushed out, so those capillaries don’t break like the ones right outside the impact.
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